Estimations of Reparations and Compensation
for the damage suffered by the Armenian Nation
in Turkish Armenia and in the Armenian Republic of the Caucasus
In order to understand the figures below it must first be said:
That during this World War, nowhere has there been put more fury to burn, to devastate, to pillage, and nowhere has been followed such an official system of annihilation as was done in Armenia;
That nowhere has there officially been given a complete power and freedom to a part of the population to massacre and pillage, as the Turkish Government allowed the Turks and Kurds to do in the Armenian regions;
And, finally, in devastated countries, there is nowhere where the work of restoration and recovery also presents as many difficulties as in Armenia, because of its geographic location, the lack of means of communications and the total ruin of the country.
NUMBER OF PROVEN FAMILIES
At the beginning of the war, the number of Armenians in the Ottoman Empire was 2,026,000 (see Annexes 1 and 2 of the memorandum). Deducting about 226,000 people from this number who, afterwards, have not been deported and who remained in Constantinople, in Smyrna (modern-day Izmir) and in some localities, the rest of the 1.8 million Armenians were massacred, deported or took refuge in the Caucasus, leaving all their possessions,
| Part A. Damage to Population [part A, point 1-4 are missing in the original] | |||
|
|
Average price | Average price | |
| previous |
current |
||
|
Per family |
|||
|
Francs |
Francs |
||
| 5 | Each of the families above the sum of 294,339 had to pay 33 piastres. | ||
| Each of them had therefore to pay 14 sheep which is worth 20 francs each | 280 |
1,680 |
|
| Loss carried forward |
12,188 |
||
| 6 | Reserve payments/Provisions. | ||
| Food for 6 months, for the peasant and for his cattle, that each family had in store and needed to restart its business |
287.5 |
2,873 |
|
| 7 | Capital | ||
| Capital in Circulation |
300 |
300 |
|
| Total [per family] |
17,043 |
||
| Total for 270,000 families | Fr 4,601,610,000 | ||
| Part B. Damage to populations and cities and needs for rebuilding.
Merchants, craftsmen and industrialists. |
|||
|
Average price |
Average price | ||
|
previous |
current |
||
|
Per family |
|||
| Francs |
Francs |
||
| 8 | Real estate | ||
| Houses, shops, inns, factories, workshops, stores, mills, gardens, forests |
1,000 |
15.200 |
|
| 9 | Personal Property | ||
| Furniture, clothing, jewelry |
1,800 |
9,000 |
|
| 10 | Reserve payments/Provision. | ||
| Food for six months per family Amount to transfer
Balance carried forward |
24,000 24.200 |
||
|
The personal properties in people’s stores need to be restored |
575 |
5.750 |
|
| 11 | Capital | ||
| Cash, securities, commodities and working capital of traders and industrialists and craftsmen per family |
6,000 |
6,000 |
|
| Total per family |
35,950 |
||
| For 90000 families |
Fr 3,235,550 |
||
GENERAL INJURY/DAMAGE
| Part C. Loss of Life | ||
| 12 | Compensation to surviving beneficiaries of 1,000,000 massacred people at a rate of 5,000 francs |
5,000,000,000 |
| 13 | Compensation for 50,000 mutilated, wounded, incurably sick, due to francs 5,000 per person |
250,000,000 |
| 14 | Compensation to survivors from deportation, numbering 346,350 |
346,350,000 |
| Amount to transfer
Balance |
5.596.350,000 5.596.350,000 |
|
| 15 | Compensation for the deprivations of work for survivors from deportations, refugees abroad, deprivations of free exercise of any right of ownership and any profession and any opportunity to work for number of 800,000 people or 160,000 families at a rate of 4,000 francs per family |
640,000,000 |
|
| 16 | Compensation for requisitions, forced bribes, kickbacks, etc…, to non-
deported people |
200,000,000 |
|
| 17 | Expenditures for refugees abroad. Maintenance of hospitals, orphanages
and health institutions, etc |
200,000,000 |
|
| 18 | Compensation for total or partial destruction of institutions and religious constructions |
75,000,000 |
|
| 83 | Episcopal seats | ||
| 1860 | Churches and Chapels | ||
| 220 | Monasteries | ||
| 26 | High schools and seminaries | ||
| 1439 | secondary schools | ||
| 42 | orphanages including their personal property , antiques and religious manuscripts | ||
| 19 | Irrigation canals, springs, wells and others works |
50,000,000 |
|
| Total |
6,761,350,000 |
||
| SUMMARY | |
| Part A |
4,601,610,000 |
| Part B |
3,233,550,000 |
| Part C |
6,761,350,000 |
| Grand total due to Turkish Armenians |
14,598,510,000 |
REPUBLIC OF ARMENIA AND OTHER CAUCASUS PROVINCES INHABITED BY THE ARMENIANS
The calculation that we have the honor to submit herewith, concerns the Armenians of the Republic of Armenia and other Caucasus provinces, which have borne the heavy consequences of the war.
It is based on this data that the Republic of Armenia is deploying all efforts to create a regular economic life for each household of farmers, artisans, shopkeepers and other workers in different occupations. It even tries to reconstruct and rehabilitate churches, schools and other government institutions, without which civilized people cannot exist.
The sums mentioned are of course not an exact representation of the enormous damage incurred by the Nation. Calculations are approximate and may, thereafter, if necessary, be established in detail and accurately when information becomes available from official sources of government and private offices.
It should also be noted that the Armenians of the Caucasus at the beginning of 1918, in the time of invasion of Turks and Germans, when the Russians, unwilling to fight, abandoned the front, had to resist more than three million Muslims who joined in their wretched task, the Turkish invading forces. Their hard work was all the greater because they had in front of them the people who, despite their small number, still fought till the end for the cause of the Allies, their enemies.
A.- Absolutely devastated and destroyed communities the population of which was expelled.
| 121,800 families. | ||
| From which 1. | 97,440 were engaged in agriculture | |
| and 2. | 24,360 in commerce, industry and other professions | |
| 121,800 | ||
| 1 | ||
| These 97.440 families need, each on average, and based on current prices, for the creation of a new home: | ||
| 1 | Real property.
Houses, stables, barns, mills, gardens, forests and plantations of various trees |
Fr. 3,000 |
| 2 | Personal property. furniture, clothing, etc… | 1,600 |
| 3 | Agricultural implements. plows, scythes, sickles, carts, etc… | 1,200 |
| 4 | Cattle, pack animals, cow, horse, mule, sheep and goats | 4,500 |
| 5 | Working capital.
fodder, grains, seeds, hay, straw for livestock, fertilizer, etc… |
3,250 |
| Subtotal per family | Fr. 13,530 | |
| Or, in total, for 97.440 families, sum of | Fr. 1,320,312,000 | |
| Amount to transfer Fr. 1,320,312,000 | ||
| 2 | The 24.360 other families who cared of Commerce, Industry and various professions, need, each, based on current prices, | |
| 1. Real Property.
Houses, workshops, factories, shops, various commercial businesses, orchards, etc… |
Fr. 10,000 | |
| 2. Personal Property
Furniture, clothing, tools, work, etc… |
5,000 | |
| 3. Capital.
provisions for food, materials, working capital |
6,000 | |
| Fr. 21,000 | ||
| Bringing the total to 24.360 families, a sum of | Fr. 511,560,000 | |
| Fr. 1,831,872,000 | ||
B.- Communities not abandoned by the population but suffered from events of war, requisitions, and the effects of the reduction of the working population.
| 154,000 families | |
| From which 1. | 123,200 are engaged in agriculture |
| And 2. | 30,800 in commerce, industry and other professions. |
| 154,000 | |
| 1 – For the reconstruction of their homes, these 123.200 families need,
each on average |
|
| 1. Purchase of beasts of burden and other domestic animals | Fr. 3,000 |
| 2. Agricultural implements | 800 |
| 3. Repair of buildings and allowance of working capital | 4,200 |
| Fr. 8,000 | |
| Bringing the total for 123.200 families, the sum of | Fr. 985,600,000 |
| 2-The other 30,800 families need, each on average: | |
| 1. For building repairs, workshops, factories, warehouses and various industrial enterprises, each | Fr. 4,000 |
| 2. For the reorganization of the commercial and industrial firms | 6,000 |
| Fr. 10,000 | |
| Bringing the total to 30,800 families, the sum of | Fr. 308,000,000 |
| Fr. 1,293,600,000 | |
C.- overall losses
| 1. Soldiers and officers who fell on the battlefields. About 35,000 men. | |
| Allowances and pensions to the families, orphans, up and down, right in Fr. 5000 | Fr. 175,000,000 |
| Amount to transfer | Fr. 175,000,000 |
| Transfer | Fr. 175,000,000 |
| 2. Officers, soldiers and civilians maimed, injured and made infirm. About 90,000 people. | |
| Allowances and pensions at a rate of Fr. 5000 | Fr. 450,000,000 |
| 3. Were murdered and who perished due to famine and the consequences of deportation.
Estimated 100,000 people. |
|
| Allowances and pensions at a rate of Fr. 1000 | Fr. 500,000,000 |
| 4. Compensation for violence and alternatives measure of honor. Approximately 12,000 people. | |
| A reason for Fr. 1000 | Fr. 12,000,000 |
| 5. Compensation for the deprivation of work, the deportees and refugees deprivation of free exercise of any right of ownership and any profession, and deprivation of any opportunity to work for 35,000 families. | |
| At the rate of Fr. 4000 | Fr. 140,000,000 |
| 6. Expenses incurred for Armenian Refugees from the Caucasus and
Persia. |
|
| Maintenance of hospitals refueling points, orphanages, asylums, medical supplies | Fr. 100,000,000 |
| 7. Reconstruction and repair of schools, churches and other public buildings | 10,000,000 |
| 8. Restoration of communication channels and the line of railway through the territory of the Republic | 20,000,000 |
| Total of Chapter A | Fr. 1,831,872,000 |
| B | Fr. 1,203,600,000 |
| C | Fr. 1,407,000,000 |
| Grand total due to the Armenian Republic Of Caucasus | Fr. 4,532,472,000 |
| General Summary | |
| Amount Owed to the Turkish Armenians | Fr. 14,398,510,000 |
| Amount Owed the Armenian Republic of Caucasus | Fr. 4,532,472,000 |
| Grand Total | Fr. 19,430,982,000 |
In support of the numbers in these tables, we consider it useful to recall that the Armenians, because of their industriousness, economic spirit, and renowned skills for trade and industry had a much better situation than all their neighbors.
The statistics that we presented in our memorandum to the Peace Conference establish that the vast majority of trade and industry was in the hands of Armenians in Minor Asia and the Caucasus.
These are centers of activity built by centuries of persistent work which were brought to ruins and which the Armenians have to rebuild.
AHARONIAN Chairman of the Delegation of the Republic of Armenia at the Peace Conference
BOGHOS NUBAR Chairman of Armenian National Delegation.
