{"id":98,"date":"2020-05-24T18:04:50","date_gmt":"2020-05-24T18:04:50","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/arak29.org\/tserents-site\/?page_id=98"},"modified":"2020-05-24T18:04:50","modified_gmt":"2020-05-24T18:04:50","slug":"characters","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/arak29.org\/tserents-site\/toros-son-of-levon\/characters\/","title":{"rendered":"Characters"},"content":{"rendered":"

Alexis<\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 father of Euphemia, former governor of Minor Armenia.<\/p>\n

Andronicus<\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 (Andronikos I Komnenos) (c. 1118 \u2013 1185). Byzantine courtier (an Armenophobe), cousin of the Emperor Manuel I, viceroy, Byzantine emperor from 1183 to 1185, was overthrown and lynched in a popular uprising. \u2013\u00a0Source<\/a><\/p>\n

Andronicus Evporp<\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 (Andronicus Euphorbenus) a Byzantine commander.
\n\u201cThe Byzantine governor of Tarsus, Andronicus Euphorbenus, invited him to a banquet. Stephen\u2019s corpse was found the next day and it was believed Andronicus murdered him.\u201d\u00a0<\/em>\u2013\u00a0Source<\/a>
\n<\/em><\/p>\n

Abulgharib Piri<\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 European prince who asked Toros the First for refuge. The Armenian prince had granted him the Amut fortress.<\/p>\n

Avag \u2013 a soldier in the army of Smbat Hetumian.<\/p>\n

Babken \u2013 (Varosents Babken) servant and armbearer of Toros, son of Levon.<\/p>\n

Bagrat \u2013 prince of Arevenduni.<\/p>\n

Bakur \u2013 Prince Smbat Hetumian\u2019s son.<\/p>\n

Baldwin III<\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 (1130 \u2013 1163) was King of Jerusalem from 1143 to 1163. \u2013\u00a0Source<\/a><\/p>\n

Barsegh \u2013 Archimandrite and abbot of the Armenian monastery in Cyprus.<\/p>\n

Catholicos Grigor<\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 (also: Grigor III Pahlavuni; Gregory III of Cilicia). (1093 -1166), Elder brother of Nerses Shnorhali. Catholicos from 1113 to 1166. \u2013\u00a0Source<\/a><\/p>\n

Constantine Calaman<\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 (Constantine Kalamanos or Konstantinos Kalamanos) (1137\/1145-after 1173), a Byzantine duke. In 1163, the Byzantine Emperor Manuel I Komnenos appointed Constantine to the office of governor of Armenian Cilicia. \u2013\u00a0Source<\/a><\/p>\n

Euphemia \u2013 wife of Toros son of Levon.<\/p>\n

Gohar\u00a0\u2013<\/strong>\u00a0the daughter of Toros and Euphemia.<\/p>\n

Grigor\u00a0\u2013\u00a0<\/strong>Babken\u2019s eldest son.<\/p>\n

Hetum<\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 (1151 \u2013 1218), (Hethum III of Lampronthe) son of prince Oshin of Lambron. \u2013\u00a0Source<\/a><\/p>\n

\u201cO\u2019shin, lord of Lambron divided the cost of his ransom, 40,000 dahekans, into two parts: he gave 20,000 dahekans [in cash], and gave his son, Het\u2019um, as a hostage in place of the other 20,000 dahekans. And thus did he free himself and went to his own home. So Het\u2019um came to T\u2019oros as a hostage and was greatly liked by him, for he was attractive, aware, and composed. T\u2019oros sent to O\u2019shin and proposed to establish marriage relations: T\u2019oros would give his daughter to Het\u2019um and the 20,000 dahekans would be her dowry. O\u2019shin agreed to this and had Het\u2019um baptized\u2014for up till then he had not been baptized\u2014made him a knight, and married him to [T\u2019oros\u2019] daughter, all on the same day.\u201d<\/em>\u00a0\u2013\u00a0Source<\/a>
\n<\/em><\/p>\n

John II\u00a0Komnenos<\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 (Comnenus), (1087 \u2013 1143) was Byzantine Emperor ruled from 1118 to 1143. \u2013\u00a0Source<\/a><\/p>\n

Kostandin \u2013 the prince of Karkra.<\/p>\n

Kostandin of Bardzrberd\u00a0\u2013\u00a0<\/strong>superintendent of the Vahka fortress, comrade in arms of Toros son of Levon.<\/p>\n

Levon<\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 father of Toros \u2013 Levon I<\/strong>\u00a0(Leo) prince of Cilician Armenia (son of Constantine I, lord of Armenian Cilicia), (died in Constantinople in 1140[2]) ruled between 1129\u2013<\/a>1137, successor of Toros I. \u2013\u00a0Source<\/a><\/p>\n

\u201cIn the year 578 A.E. [1129] T\u2019oros, son of Kostandin, died and his brother Lewon held his principality.
\nIn the year 581 A.E. [1132] Lewon, son of Kostandin, took the Cilician cities of Mamistra, Adana, and Tarsus. The Frankish people attacked him. By their wicked behavior they devoted themselves to wrecking the country.\u201d<\/em>
\nSmbat Sparapet\u2019s Chronicle: \u2013\u00a0Source<\/a><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong>Levon<\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 (1150 \u2013 1219), (Levon II, later \u2013 King Levon I), son of Stepan and Margaret. Lord of Cilicia from 1187 to 1198[\/1199; the first king of Armenian Cilicia (sometimes as Levon I the Magnificent) from 1198\/1199 to 1219. \u2013\u00a0Source<\/a><\/p>\n

[Step\u2019ane\u2019] had two sons, Ruben and Lewon.
\n<\/em>Smbat Sparapet\u2019s Chronicle: \u2013\u00a0Source<\/a><\/p>\n

Mahsud \u2013 sultan of Iconium and Mesopotamia.<\/p>\n

Manuel I Komnenos<\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 (1118 \u2013 1180 (a Byzantine Emperor (ruled between 1143 \u2013 1180) son of John II Komnenos (Byzantine Emperor). \u2013\u00a0Source<\/a><\/p>\n

Manuel Pranos \u2013 a Byzantine commander.<\/p>\n

Margaret \u2013 Smbat Hetumian\u2019s daughter.<\/p>\n

Martiros \u2013 Margaret\u2019s aide.<\/p>\n

Matteos Urhayetsi<\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 (Matthew of Edessa) Armenian historian from the city of Edessa (born in the second half of the 11th century \u2013 1144). \u2013\u00a0Source<\/a><\/p>\n

Meruzhan\u00a0<\/strong>\u2013 Meruzhan Artsruni, a Nakharar (Armenian feudal lord) from the Artzruni family (ruled in 355-369 CE). A traitor. When the Persian army invaded Armenia in 360s, Meruzhan defected to Persia. \u2013\u00a0Source<\/a><\/p>\n

Metropolitan Atanas \u2013 Assyrian bishop and abbot supporting Toros son of Levon.<\/p>\n

Mleh<\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 (before 1120 \u2013 1175), brother of Toros son of Levon. The eighth lord of Armenian Cilicia (reigned from 1170 to 1175.) Converted to Islam. \u2013\u00a0Source<\/a><\/p>\n

In that period Lewon\u2019s son, the conquering T\u2019oros, displayed his valor and held [secure] those parts of the Taurus Mountains over which he ruled. Now his brother, Mleh, was a malicious and treacherous man, and planned to kill his brother, T\u2019oros. Getting together some others of the same tendency, one day while they had gone out to hunt [g186] deer, Mleh wanted to slay his brother there [at a place] between Mamistra and Adana. But T\u2019oros had been forewarned. He furiously seized Mleh and interrogated him before the troops and the princes as to what he was hoping to accomplish. They reproached Mleh in their presence and he was shamed. Then [Mleh] gave [to T\u2019oros] much of the inventory of his authority, horses, mules, weapons, and treasures. And they removed him from his district. Thus he received nothing in exchange for his wickedness. So [Mleh] arose and went to Nur-ad-Din, lord of Aleppo, and entered into his service\u2026
\nNow after five years of Mleh\u2019s rule, in the year 624 A.E. [1175], his princes hatched an impious plot. They [g191] united together and killed him in the city of Sis because of his disruptive ways.\u00a0<\/em>\u2013\u00a0Source<\/a>
\n<\/em><\/p>\n

Nerses Shnorhali<\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 (also: Nerses IV the Gracious; Nerses of Kla; Saint Nerses the Graceful), (1102 \u2013 1173). Catholicos of Armenia from 1166 to 1173. Younger brother of Catholicos Gregory III of Cilicia (term: 1113 \u2013 1166). \u2013\u00a0Source<\/a><\/p>\n

Nureddin<\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 (N\u016br ad-D\u012bn Ab\u016b al-Q\u0101sim Ma\u1e25m\u016bd ibn \u02bfIm\u0101d ad-D\u012bn Zeng\u012b, often shortened to Nur ad-Din) (1118 \u2013 1174) emir of Aleppo. \u2013\u00a0Source<\/a><\/p>\n

Oshin<\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 (Oshin II of Lampron) (1125 \u2013 1170) Armenian prince of Lambron, an ally of Byzantine. \u2013\u00a0Source<\/a><\/p>\n

\u201cAmong those captured were the lord of Lambron [g170], O\u2019shin, the lord of Bardzrberd, Vasil, and the lord of Pr\u2019akan, Tigran [all of whom were] on the side of the Byzantine emperor. [T\u2019oros\u2019] troops seized and despoiled the weak Byzantine forces and then let them go. Then did T\u2019oros rule over Mamistra and all the other districts which he held without a care. O\u2019shin, lord of Lambron divided the cost of his ransom, 40,000\u00a0dahekan<\/u>s, into two parts: he gave 20,000\u00a0dahekan<\/u>s [in cash], and gave his son, Het\u2019um, as a hostage in place of the other 20,000\u00a0dahekan<\/u>s. And thus did he free himself and went to his own home. So Het\u2019um came to T\u2019oros as a hostage and was greatly liked by him, for he was attractive, aware, and composed. T\u2019oros sent to O\u2019shin and proposed to establish marriage relations: T\u2019oros would give his daughter to Het\u2019um and the 20,000\u00a0dahekan<\/u>s would be her dowry. O\u2019shin agreed to this and had Het\u2019um baptized\u2014for up till then he had not been baptized\u2014made him a knight, and married him to [T\u2019oros\u2019] daughter, all on the same day. And they rejoiced exceedingly.\u201d
\n<\/em>Smbat Sparapet\u2019s Chronicle: \u2013\u00a0Source<\/a><\/p>\n

Reinald<\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 (Raynald of Ch\u00e2tillon, also known as Reynald or Reginald of Ch\u00e2tillon) (c. 1125 \u2013 1187) the ruler of Antioch from 1153 to 1160 or 1161. \u2013\u00a0Source<\/a><\/p>\n

Prince Smbat<\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 (Hetumian) ruler of Anarzaba city and fortress, the former owner of Paperon, Byzantine henchman, claiming to be of the ancient Mamikonyan family.
\n\u201c\u0531\u0576\u0564\u0580\u0578\u0576\u056b\u056f\u0578\u057d<\/em>\u00a0\u053f\u0578\u0574\u0576\u0565\u0576\u0578\u057d\u056b<\/em>\u00a0\u0566\u0578\u0580\u0584\u0565\u0580\u056b\u0576<\/em>\u00a0\u0574\u056b\u0561\u0581\u0565\u056c<\/em>\u00a0\u0567\u056b\u0576<\/em>\u00a0\u0576\u0561\u0587<\/em>\u00a0\u0562\u0575\u0578\u0582\u0566\u0561\u0576\u0564\u0561\u0574\u0565\u057f<\/em>\u00a0\u0574\u056b<\/em>\u00a0\u0577\u0561\u0580\u0584<\/em>\u00a0\u0570\u0561\u0575<\/em>\u00a0\u056b\u0577\u056d\u0561\u0576\u0576\u0565\u0580\u055d<\/em>\u00a0\u053c\u0561\u0574\u0562\u0580\u0578\u0576\u056b<\/em>\u00a0\u057f\u0565\u0580<\/em>\u00a0\u0555\u0577\u056b\u0576<\/em>\u00a0\u0540\u0565\u0569\u0578\u0582\u0574\u0575\u0561\u0576\u0568<\/em>,\u00a0<\/em>\u054a\u0561\u057a\u0565\u057c\u0578\u0576\u056b<\/u><\/em>\u00a0\u057f\u0565\u0580<\/u><\/em>\u00a0\u054d\u0574\u0562\u0561\u057f<\/u><\/em>\u00a0\u0540\u0565\u0569\u0578\u0582\u0574\u0575\u0561\u0576\u0580<\/u><\/em>\u2026<\/u><\/em>\u201d<\/u><\/em>\u00a0\u2013\u00a0Source<\/a><\/p>\n

Ruben<\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 (Roupen) (after 1120 \u2013 Constantinople, 1141) brother of Toros son of Levon. Was blinded and then assassinated while in castody in Constantinople. \u2013\u00a0Source<\/a><\/p>\n

\u201cThoros (together with his father, Leo I and his brother, Roupen) was taken captive and imprisoned in Constantinople in 1137.\u201d \u2013\u00a0<\/em>Source<\/a>
\n<\/em><\/p>\n

Dionys \u2013 guardian of Euphemia.<\/p>\n

Ruben I<\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 (1025\/1035 \u2013 1095) the first lord of Armenian Cilicia, founder Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia, founder of the Rubenids\u2019 dynasty (ruled 1080 \u2013 1095). \u2013\u00a0Source<\/a><\/p>\n

\u201cT\u2019at\u2019ul, the prince of princes, had given Marash to Joscelin and had sold the icon of the Mother of God for much gold to the great prince T\u2019oros, son of Kostandin, son of Ruben.\u201d<\/em>
\n<\/em>Smbat Sparapet\u2019s Chronicle: \u2013\u00a0Source<\/a>
\nSmbat Sparapet\u2019s Chronicle: \u2013\u00a0Source<\/a>
\nSmbat Sparapet\u2019s Chronicle: \u2013\u00a0Source<\/a><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong>Ruben<\/strong>\u00a0III<\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 (1145-1187) the son of Stepan and Margaret. ruled 1175-1187). \u2013\u00a0Source<\/a><\/p>\n

\u201c[Step\u2019ane\u2019] had two sons, Ruben and Lewon.\u201d
\n<\/em>Smbat Sparapet\u2019s Chronicle: \u2013\u00a0Source<\/a><\/p>\n

\u201cNow after five years of Mleh\u2019s rule, in the year 624 A.E. [1175], his princes hatched an impious plot. They [g191] united together and killed him in the city of Sis because of his disruptive ways. Then they sent to Paper\u2019o\u2019n and summoned Stefane\u2019s son, Ruben, in order to seat him on the throne of his ancestors. He immediately sent his sister\u2019s brother, Bakuran, with many gold and silver treasures. Then Ruben came and ruled his patrimony, and the Armenian princes gladly submitted to him [Ruben III, 1175-1186]. He was a young man of thirty years, benevolent, generous, and attractive, brave in battle and a skilled bowman. He began by generously giving gifts to everyone and started to distribute the treasures that Mleh had accumulated to the needy, and with a bountiful table he inclined everyone to him, heart and soul. Wherever he went with them, he bravely pushed back the bands of the enemy, thus taking Mamistra, Adana and Tarsus. At the commencement of his rule he gave very great gifts to his princes in thankful gratitude for what they had done by killing his father\u2019s brother and establishing him in the place of his ancestors. He promised further good things to those who had actually slain his uncle, if he could determine who they were. Two men, deluded by their stupidity, came forward and said: \u201cWe killed him with our own hands out of love for you.\u201d And [Ruben] was extremely thankful to them. But [later] he ordered that rocks be attached to their necks and that they secretly be thrown into the river. Their names were Jahan and Aplgharib (who was a eunuch). Once Ruben had [g192] consolidated his rule he began to harass [the fortress of] Lambron with battle and siege for three years. And he put them into dire straits owing to the old rancor which [the Rubenids and the Het\u2019umids] had between them. But he was unable to accomplish anything.\u201d
\n<\/em>Smbat Sparapet\u2019s Chronicle: \u2013\u00a0Source<\/a><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong>Ruben II<\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 the son of Toros by his second wife. The seventh lord of Armenian Cilicia (ruled\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 from 1169 to 1170). Killed by Mleh\u2019s men. \u2013\u00a0Source<\/a><\/p>\n

\u201c[86] In the year 617 A.E. [1168] the great T\u2019oros died. He was the son of Lewon, son of Kostandin, son of Ruben, who bravely held [his] area of the Taurus Mountains, displaying acts of bravery in numerous places and having won many battles through his wisdom. May the Lord have mercy on him. As he was dying he designated prince T\u2019umas as an administrator for his small son, Ruben. He ruled T\u2019oros\u2019 land for one year.\u201d
\n<\/em>Smbat Sparapet\u2019s Chronicle: \u2013\u00a0Source<\/a><\/p>\n

Sargis the son of Tatul \u2013 captain of a ship and a warrior, comrade in arms of Toros son of Levon.<\/p>\n

Shahandukht<\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 wife of prince Oshin, mother of Hetum, niece of Nerses Shnorhali and Catholicos Grigor.<\/p>\n

Stepan<\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 (Stepane, Stephan) (1111 \u2013 1165), brother of Toros son of Levon. \u2013\u00a0Source<\/a><\/p>\n

\u201c [85] In the year 614 A.E. [1165] Step\u2019ane\u2019, Lewon\u2019s son and the brother of the\u00a0sebastius\u00a0T\u2019oros, was slain through the treachery of an impious Byzantine duke. [This occurred] in front of [the fortress of] Hamus in the land of Cilicia. They had called [Step\u2019ane\u2019] there in friendship. Then, seizing him, they subjected him to a cruel death, crucifying him on a sycamore tree. The godless Byzantines would not spare [even] such a valiant warrior. [Step\u2019ane\u2019] had two sons, Ruben and Lewon.\u201d
\n<\/em>Smbat Sparapet\u2019s Chronicle: \u2013\u00a0Source<\/a><\/p>\n

Shushik\u00a0\u2013\u00a0<\/strong>Babken\u2019s wife.<\/p>\n

Tornik<\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 the grandson of Tornik of Sassoon; has arrived from Sassoon to serve in the Armenian army of Cilicia.<\/p>\n

Toros son of Levon<\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 (Thoros) Toros II, (1110 \u2013 1169), Son of Levon I prince of Cilician Armenia, ruled in Cilicia between 1145 \u2013 1169. \u2013\u00a0Source<\/a><\/p>\n

\u201cIn the year 594 A.E. [1145] a lad named T\u2019oros escaped from Constantinople. He was one of the sons of Lewon, son of Kostandin, son of Ruben, whom they had taken in chains to Constantinople with his House and sons. [The lad] T\u2019oros escaped and reached the confines of Vahka in the Taurus Mountains. He disguised himself so that no one recognized him; then, intelligently, little by little, he attracted to himself capable men from among the clerics and lay folk. For he was a man who was learned and versed in theological writings, and he was also very capable in warfare. Physically he was broad-shouldered, tall, handsome, curly-haired, awe inspiring, and full of grace. With the aid of God he gradually came to rule over his patrimony, taking [g164] Vahka, Amoudain, Simanagla, Ar\u2019ewtsberd, and other districts.\u201d
\n<\/em>Smbat Sparapet\u2019s Chronicle: \u2013\u00a0Source<\/a>
\n<\/em><\/p>\n

\u201c[77] In the year 600 A.E. [1151] on the 23rd day of the month of Nawasard, red snow mixed with ash fell. And Nur-ad-Din, the lord of Aleppo, came against Tell Bashir with his troops. Because [the residents] had no hope of aid from any quarter, they accepted a pledge from him that they would [be allowed to] go unharmed to Antioch. They gave Tell Bashir to Nur-ad-Din and went to Antioch in peace. In the same year Lewon\u2019s son, T\u2019oros, took Mamistra and Tell Hamdun from the Romans and seized Duke T\u2019uma. Duke Andronicus (Andronike\u2019) who was charged with protecting the land of the Cilicians by order of the Byzantine emperor, came to the city of Mamistra with 12,000 cavalry against T\u2019oros. And he boasted, shouting out to T\u2019oros: \u201cBehold your father\u2019s iron chains. I will take you bound in them to Constantinople, like your father.\u201d When valiant T\u2019oros heard this, he was unable to bear the insult. Instead, placing his trust in God, he assembled his forces, breached Mamistra\u2019s walls at night, and attacked [the Byzantine troops] like a lion, putting them to the sword. Among those who died in the great battle before the city gates was Smbat, lord of Paper\u2019o\u2019n. Among those captured were the lord of Lambron [g170], O\u2019shin, the lord of Bardzrberd, Vasil, and the lord of Pr\u2019akan, Tigran [all of whom were] on the side of the Byzantine emperor. [T\u2019oros\u2019] troops seized and despoiled the weak Byzantine forces and then let them go. Then did T\u2019oros rule over Mamistra and all the other districts which he held without a care. O\u2019shin, lord of Lambron divided the cost of his ransom, 40,000\u00a0dahekan<\/u>s, into two parts: he gave 20,000\u00a0dahekan<\/u>s [in cash], and gave his son, Het\u2019um, as a hostage in place of the other 20,000\u00a0dahekan<\/u>s. And thus did he free himself and went to his own home. So Het\u2019um came to T\u2019oros as a hostage and was greatly liked by him, for he was attractive, aware, and composed. T\u2019oros sent to O\u2019shin and proposed to establish marriage relations: T\u2019oros would give his daughter to Het\u2019um and the 20,000\u00a0dahekan<\/u>s would be her dowry. O\u2019shin agreed to this and had Het\u2019um baptized\u2014for up till then he had not been baptized\u2014made him a knight, and married him to [T\u2019oros\u2019] daughter, all on the same day. And they rejoiced exceedingly.
\n[78] 602 A.E. [1153]. After this victory which T\u2019oros had achieved, the Byzantines were furious with him. So they went to the sultan of Iconium, Mas\u2019ud, with numerous gifts, saying: \u201cEliminate T\u2019oros, his clan, and all the Armenians.\u201d Mas\u2019ud was bribed by the many gifts. He arose and went against T\u2019oros. Now T\u2019oros took his troops and went into the mountains in advance of them. When the foreigners saw this, they were astounded at his boldness. The sultan then sent [a message] to T\u2019oros saying: \u201cI did not come to ruin [g171] your country or to make war against you, but rather so that you listen to me and return to the Romans the territories you took from them. Then we will remain friends.\u201d When T\u2019oros heard this he was pleased and made this reply: \u201cWe will willingly submit to you as king, since you did not envy our advancement. However, it is impossible to return those lands to them.\u201d When the sultan heard this, he did not press him. Rather he established friendship with an oath and returned to his own home\u2026\u201d
\n<\/em>Smbat Sparapet\u2019s Chronicle: \u2013\u00a0Source<\/a>
\nSmbat Sparapet\u2019s Chronicle: \u2013\u00a0Source<\/a><\/p>\n

Toros (the senior)<\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 (Toros I) (1070\/71 \u2013 1129\/1130) brother of junior Toros\u2019s father Levon (the uncle of junior Toros), elder son of Constantine I, lord of Armenian Cilicia, ruled between c. 1100\/1102\/1103 \u2013 1129\/1130. \u2013\u00a0Source<\/a><\/p>\n

\u201c[66] In the year 565 A.E. [1116] Baudoin [g144], count of Edessa, waged war against [Gogh] Vasil\u2019s son, going against the fortress of Raban and besieging it. Vasil went to his father-in-law, Lewon, son of Kostandin. T\u2019oros seized him and sent him to Baudoin who mercilessly tortured him, and forcibly took all his districts. From that point onward, the rule of Armenians in that land ended. Vasil again went to his father-in-law, Lewon, and thence to Constantinople where the Byzantine emperor honored him and all his troops.
\nIn the year 567 A.E. [1117] Baudoin, count of Edessa, and Galeran, count of Saruj, massed troops and went against the Armenian prince Aplgharip, son of Vasak and brother of Likos, who was a brave and martial man. They possessed Nisibis and Bira, which they had taken from the Persian chiefs, and which had endured much harassment from Baudoin and Galeran. [Aplgharib] gave it to Baudoin and then went to T\u2019oros in Anazarb. Thus did the Frankish counts harass the Armenian princes until they had removed them from their districts and fortresses. No one can relate the bitterness which the Franks displayed toward the Armenians.\u201d<\/em>
\n<\/em>Smbat Sparapet\u2019s Chronicle: \u2013\u00a0Source<\/a><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong>Tovmas<\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 (Regent Thomas) Prince Tovmas, (?-12 century) Toros\u2019s father-in-law (the father of the second wife of Toros). Toros placed his son Ruben under the guardianship of the Regent Tovmas. \u2013\u00a0Source<\/a><\/p>\n

Vasil \u2013 Lord of Kesun, Smbat Hetumian\u2019s spy and trustee.<\/p>\n

Vest Sargis<\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 (also: vestes Sargis Haykazn) a pro-Byzantine Armenian prince of XI century, a traitor acting against the Armenian kingdom of Bagratuni. \u2013\u00a0Source<\/a><\/p>\n

Yaghub Melik<\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 brother-in-law of sultan Mahsud, a commander in the sultan\u2019s army.<\/p>\n

Zenon<\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 a Byzantine prince who ruled the Amut fortress after Abulgharib Piri. He was the son-in-law of the ruler of Mamestia.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Alexis\u00a0\u2013 father of Euphemia, former governor of Minor Armenia. Andronicus\u00a0\u2013 (Andronikos I Komnenos) (c. 1118 \u2013 1185). Byzantine courtier (an Armenophobe), cousin of the Emperor Manuel I, viceroy, Byzantine emperor from 1183 to 1185, was overthrown and lynched in a popular uprising. \u2013\u00a0Source Andronicus Evporp\u00a0\u2013 (Andronicus Euphorbenus) a Byzantine commander. \u201cThe Byzantine governor of Tarsus, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":15,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-98","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/arak29.org\/tserents-site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/98","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/arak29.org\/tserents-site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/arak29.org\/tserents-site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arak29.org\/tserents-site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arak29.org\/tserents-site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=98"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/arak29.org\/tserents-site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/98\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":99,"href":"https:\/\/arak29.org\/tserents-site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/98\/revisions\/99"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arak29.org\/tserents-site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/arak29.org\/tserents-site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=98"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}